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The basis of any TLD zone (Top-level domain) is the zone registry. All information about a zone is stored in the registry and is used to update the zone's root servers according to its registry data. To ensure the operation and management of the registry, a company that meets the requirements of the international organization ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) and wins the tender to manage the registry is accredited. For .COM and .NET zones, this is Verisign.
The process of registration and work with end users is transferred to ICANN-accredited zone registrars. Each accredited registrar has a certain quota for the number of transactions with the registry.
gTLD zone domains have the following statuses:
1. Registered (1-10 years). A domain can be registered for a period of no more than 10 years, renewed (Renew) or transferred to another registrar (Transfer).
REGISTRAR-LOCK - The domain is delegated if DNS servers are specified. Changing the registrar is prohibited. Typically, the status is set by the current registrar as a default when registering to secure the domain.
ACTIVE - The domain is delegated if DNS servers are specified. Changing the registrar is allowed. As a rule, this status is established at the request of the domain administrator to carry out a transfer to another registrar.
2. Expired. If the domain registration is not renewed (Renew) before the end of the paid period, the domain will go into Expired status.
REGISTRAR-HOLD - The domain is not delegated. The domain and its child DNS servers cannot be changed or transferred to another registrar. The status is set by the current registrar.
3. Grace Period (0 - 30 days). An extension is possible during this period. During this period, the registrar can dispose of the domain at its own discretion (for example, sell it to someone else) or use the domain for advertising.
4. RedemptionPERIOD - or Pending Delete - Restorable (30 days).
The domain deletion process has begun. Deletion can be stopped by the registrar within 30 days from the moment this status is set. Changing domain information is prohibited. The domain is not delegated. If the former owner wishes and the registrar participates, the domain can be restored by the registrar.
5. Pending Delete (5 days). The domain will be deleted 5 days after setting this status. The deletion cannot be stopped by the registrar or registry. Changing domain information is prohibited. Domain not delegated
6. Released domain. From this moment on, the domain is free for registration.
Please note that this article provides general principles for organizing the maintenance of gTLD domains.
